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Sweet Sense

Source:Ringier Release Date:2011-05-30 992
Food & Beverage
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Taking a natural route for low calorie and weight management beverages


CUTTING down on sweet, high caloric drinks can make you lose weight faster than by reducing solid calories. This is why in the age of high sugar intake and expanding waistlines, scientists are recommending adults to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption as a means to more efficiently accomplish weight loss or avoid excess weight gain.
Liquid calorie intake has a stronger impact on weight than solid calorie intake, and weight loss has been positively associated with a reduction in liquid calorie consumption, according to researchers who have examined the relationship between beverage consumption amongst adults and weight change. The study1 by scientists from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School's Department of International Health showed that of the seven types of beverages examined, sugar-sweetened beverages were the only beverages significantly associated with weight change: a reduction of 1 serving was associated with a weight loss of 0.5kg at 6 months and 0.7kg at 18 months.
Taking a natural route for low calorie and weight management beverages
Consumption of liquid calories from beverages has increased in parallel with the obesity epidemic. Earlier studies by Bloomberg School researchers, for instance, project that 75% of U.S. adults could be overweight or obese by 2015 and have linked the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to the obesity epidemic, which affects two-thirds of adults and increases the risk for adverse health conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
High fructose corn syrup is often cited as one of a host of culprits leading to expanding waistlines worldwide. In many types of beverages, especially carbonated soft drinks, HCFS has replaced other sugars as the preferred sweetener.

The skinny on fructose
Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases abdominal fat and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese people, according to molecular biologist Kimber Stanhope of the University of California at Davis.
About half the sweetness in a non-diet soda comes from fructose and half from glucose, and there are significant differences in how our bodies process and react to the two sugars. To understand how the two sugars are metabolised, Dr Stanhope created a series of experiments to tease out these differences.
In one 10-week study2, 32 older, overweight subjects spent two weeks in a UC Davis research clinic, eight weeks at home and two weeks back in the clinic – during which time she made sure the only sweetened drinks they consumed were specially made Kool-Aid laced with either fructose or glucose. Participants drank three glasses of Kool-Aid a day, which Dr Stanhope calculated would equal about 25% of their energy intake. Their urine was tested daily to make sure they drank the required dose.
 The bookend stays in the more controlled environment reassured her that sugar would remain the primary variable in their lives. Dr Stanhope didn't want her results to be skewed by her subjects going out the night before a test and drinking three beers, running 10 miles, or fighting with their spouse – all of which might affect metabolism.
Her research suggests that the mechanisms by which sugar is related to all metabolic diseases are fructose driven. "Glucose bypasses the liver and goes into systemic circulation, whereas fructose overloads the liver and gets turned into liver fat, which then increases blood triglycerides, cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease," said Dr Stanhope. "The extra liver fat may also cause the increased insulin resistance we saw in the subjects consuming fructose."
Scientists associate such insulin resistance with a higher risk of diabetes.
Dr Stanhope also noted that the two sugars caused differences in fat storage – fructose leads to an apple-shaped body, which is associated with greater health risks, whilst glucose leads to a pear-shaped body. She suggested that the increasNike Air Max

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