high-speed machining centres

随着刀具、驱动、控制和机床等技术的不断进步，高速加工在制造业中得到了广泛应用和推广。本文将通过自动化、主轴及控制三个方面向您介绍高速加工中心在速度、性能、动态特性和加工精度等方面的进展。

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Latest advancement in Machining centres are machine tools that are used to automatically repeat operations on a workpiece. There have been many interesting developments in high-speed machining technology. Behind the sleek enclosures of the new high-speed machining centres are stiffer improved structures that set new standards for high-speed machining performance, while offering better ergonomics; smarter, more capable spindles; intelligent control systems; automation capabilities to keep the machines running around the clock; and an advancement of the process itself to true high-speed machining in all five axes for applications known and those yet to be discovered. Developments in high-speed machining centres can be understood by examining the main application fields of high-speed machining and the technological advancements arising out of the requirements in these fields. The major application fields can be classified as aerospace,automotive, die/mould and general manufacturing. High-speed machining centres for large batch manufacturing are mainly in the automotive field and may be more strictly called high-speed positioning machines. The aim is to be able to move from point A to point B in the shortest possible time. These machines typically are horizontal machining centres with linear motor drives that offer rapid traverse rates of 100 to 120 m/min. and accelerations of 2 to 3g. Linear motors with their high federates and accelerations offer the benefits of higher productivity, which outweighs the drawbacks of higher energy consumption, higher heat generation and a higher cost of up to 30% compared to their ballscrew counterparts. Spindles on machines for automotive applications need to be versatile to handle a variety of tools and have sufficient torque in the low ranges for drilling and tapping operations. Spindles here are generally in the 16,000 to 24,000 rpm range. New synchronous spindles that generate high torque at low speeds offer good potential for the future. For high-speed positioning applications, hexapod and similar parallel kinematic or non-cartesian machines continue to be developed. Accuracy and repeatability, issues with controlling thermal effects, programming and control challenges and a large physical size for a small working envelope have kept these machines at an experimental stage. Nevertheless, interesting new designs appear at trade shows. For one-off small and medium batch manufacturing there is a diverse range of high-speed machining centres. Aerospace machines are a class to themselves, as the application is high-speed profiling of aluminium and aluminium alloy aircraft structural components. The machines feature large travels where the benefits of linear motors are clear. High horsepower spindles, with speeds of up to 40,000 rpm, are designed for machining aluminium. The main objective here is optimising metal removal rates by running at or near the resonant frequency of the machine and minimising chatter. Die/mould and general manufacturing applications pose a different set of requirements for high-speed machining centres. Complex 3-D shapes need to be machined with speed, accuracyAdidas Falcon